Black Sailors in the Civil War: A History of Fugitives, Freemen and Freedmen Aboard Union Vessels (James H. Bruns-BH) gwinn and aftermath of the war

and aftermath of the war

we encounter them at a time when their paths were filled with confusion

WINIFRED ANDERSON

But cooler heads in the Confederacy recognized the demographic and industrial weight pitted against them

Black Sailors in the Civil War: A History of Fugitives, Freemen and Freedmen Aboard Union Vessels (James H. Bruns-BH) gwinn and aftermath of the warby James H. Bruns Thousands of Black sailors served with valor during the Civil War. Yet few histories have highlighted their contributions to the Union's impressive naval victories throughout the war, which prompted Lincoln's Secretary of the Navy, Gideon Welles, to declare that if the army could not win the war, the navy would have to. Drawing on official naval records, personal letters and journals, and oral histories of formerly enslaved